NFPA 13: Fire Sprinkler System
You have asked the following question: "We have a high school project with a noncombustible gymnasium. The entire school is protected with a fire sprinkler system per NFPA 13. The angled seating structure is stair stepped concrete to allow for elevated seating. The area under the seating is designated as storage with full height doors and has an angled inverted stair step ceiling. Does this storage area under the seating require fire sprinkler protection?" In response to your question, we have reviewed NFPA 13, 2013 edition that you indicated as the applicable standard. Our informal interpretation is that fire sprinklers are installed throughout the premises and would be required for the storage area. Section 8.1.1 addresses this situation
Residential Sprinklers System
In the times it takes two minutes to past, could you make it out of your home? Could your family? The American Red Cross states that it can take as few as two minutes to become deadly, compared to the ten minutes many survey takes believed they had (American Red Cross, 2015). When you think of everything we do to protect our homes, families, and property with insurance, security alarms and locks, why do we not find more home sprinklers systems? This essay hopes to highlight the benefits of residential sprinkler systems. Fire sprinklers have been around since the late 19th century yet the technology has been slow to be adopted in residential construction. The main reason for the slow adoption is due to strong resistance from homebuilders
1.1 Background: Automatic sprinkler systems and fire detection systems are play an important role in saving many industries from fires. In many cases an automatic sprinkler system has prevented fires from spreading across a industries or even extinguished a fire before fire can spread. Automatic sprinkler "systems have been designed to control or extinguish a fire in its early stage before the arrival of the fire department or fire brigade" (Wieder & Smith, 1998,). Automatic sprinkler systems are found in many commercial buildings and industries. Wieder and Smith (1998) told that "fire loss data reveals that in buildings and industry with automatic sprinklers, 96% of fires has been controlled or extinguished by these systems"....show more content...
Urban area employee fire departments must be able to staff 15 employees and reach to the incident place not more than 9 minutes for 90% of the time. Suburban area employee fire departments must have staff 10 employees and reach the incident not more than 10 minutes 80% of the time. The rural area employee fire departments should be able to staff 6 employees and should be reached within 14 minutes 80% of the time to the incident (NFPA, 2010e). Many public buildings and industries are required to have an automatic sprinkler system or a fire detection system which is installed according to their county, city, or local codes. The NFPA recommends codes for all industries, but these codes are not enforced unless the state, county, city, business, fire department, district and Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) have been follows them. The AHJ is responsible for enforcing the followed codes and making sure industries are in compliance. Across India, there are some fire stations that do not have automatic sprinkler systems or fire detection systems installed because they are not required by any code. Many fire stations have been destroyed by fire because of a lack of fire detection or suppression systems. It is critical that these buildings are protected from fires because they are responsible for protecting the public.
1.2 .Significance of the topic:
The automatic fire sprinkler system is mostly used fire protection system today. The philosophy of sprinklers has been based
Fire Sprinkler Failure
My essay is about fire systems occasionally fail article. After reading the article some of those case study could be prevented with the sprinklers system failing. In my fire district I would go around to the places that has sprinklers systems and make sure they are working and advised the building owners to keep good maintenance records and get then tested regularly. I'll make sure I'll bring to the owners all the statistics on how the fire sprinkler systems does fail, so they can make sure it doesn't happen to them. I let them know there are four reason sprinkler systems fail to control the hazard. First, the failure to maintain operational status of the system. Second, is failure to assure adequacy of system and/or for the complete coverage
Fire Sprinklers
Fire sprinklers systems have been around for over a hundred years. The history around the residential sprinkler system wasn't accepted until 1986 when the city of Scottsdale Arizona, passed a sprinkler ordinance stating that all new single–family, multifamily, and commercial building that require a permit will be required to have sprinkler systems installed. Unfortunately this system that could help save lives, and eliminate property loss, was experiencing a push back, from the homebuilders, politicians, and even the fire departments haven't supported the ordinance requirements. Now we have the misconception of individuals thinking that if a fire occurs all the sprinklers will be activated in the house? So fortunately in 2008 the International
Fire Hydrant Research Paper
The usage of fire hydrants has been an essential part of fire extinguishing in the United States. Before the creation of the fire hydrant, fire plugs and bucket brigades were used to access water. The word "hydrant" appeared for the first time in connection with Philadelphia's municipal water system. The initial use of the hydrant was used for both firefighting and a source of sanitary water for the community (Wohleber, 2002). Fire hydrants can be found in various of places that allows fire fighters to access water when needed. Over the years, it has provided active protection and local water supply to the community. A fire hydrant allows for quick access to water and is an important device for fighting dangerous fires.
It was believed that Frederick Graff, Chief Engineer of the Philadelphia Water Works, invented the pillar–type cast fire hydrant in 1801....show more content...
The initial creation of the fire hydrant was very different than what we think of it today. It started off with having to use buckets of water to using a hand pumping system to fire hydrants storing water underground. As of today, there are over 6 million fire hydrants located across the United States and are easily located with different markings. The purpose of this creation was it allowed for a safe and active fire protection measure and a source for water storage. When responding to a fire emergency, fire hydrants are useful in situations when there is a lack of supply for water. To prevent the misuse of the hydrant, it requires special tools to be opened, such as a pentagonal wrench to remove the valve that covers the hydrant (Jones, 2009). Fire trucks are unable to carry big tanks that hold all the water and so having these devices located in the community enables them to have access to all the water they need. Hydrants are designed to allow about 250 gallons of water to flow through the hydrants per minute (Jones,
Fire Sprinkler Research Paper
American Fire Sprinkler Association Scholarship
We Believe in Education and Training
It cannot be said enough – property and lives are saved by using automatic fire sprinklers. It is fairly obvious when sprinklers aren't installed – buildings go up in flames and the only option is to wait for the fire department to extinguish it. What happens when fire sprinklers are installed? We will soon discover this answer and that's the purpose of these contests.
The contest is open to all high school seniors who are U.S citizens or legal aliens living in the USA.
The winning certified trade school or college/university in the US will receive a scholarship. Students will need to be enrolled in the semester starting in fall 2015 the latest.
Requirements:...show more content...
Fill in the registration page with all the required information. All details submitted by the student's application will be confirmed prior to the scholarship funds being released. Students will be disqualified without notice if there is ANY misleading or false information on the submitted application.
Students will have to do a multiple–choice test consisting of 10 questions. The test is open–book and you can print out a copy of the essay and bring it to the test for reference. Every correct answer will get the student one (1) entry into the draw for one of the ten scholarships worth $2,000 each. Students will have one more chance at the end of the test to answer again any questions they got incorrectly during the exam. If a student answers all 10 questions correctly, he or she will get 10 entries into the draw.
Every student will get only one chance to do the test online. Students will be instantly disqualified without notice if they attempt to do the test again under a different name, address
Automatic Sprinkler System Vs Fire Department
Automatic sprinkler systems are better protection than a fire department since the sprinkler systems would react to fire faster than the fire department could. However, they can work together. The fire department can respond after the automatic sprinkler systems. The automatic sprinkler systems need to work well so that in case of fire, the sprinklers actually function as they should. The sprinklers need to be used in warm climates or in heated areas. (Hammer & Price, 2001, p.
Use of Technology in Fire Safety Education
Every year 5,000 lives are taken due to fire in the homes. Many of these deaths may have been prevented. Fire not only claims lives, it's destroys property and injuries many. Thankfully, there is something we can do.
Over the years, the growth in technology used in to educate about fire safety has increased greatly. We now have many different ways to reach people of all ages. Some of this information includes: increased importance of the smoke detector, fire safety houses, fire safety videos, educational websites, high school cadet programs, and fire education equipment. All of these are very helpful and successful ways of teaching about fire safety....show more content...
Fire safety houses also make appearances at elementary schools and county fairs to help educate children. They are very beneficial to children and parents as well.
Fire safety videos have a great appeal to children. Videos such as, Be Cool about Fire Safety, include cartoons, songs, and voices of celebrities. Kids have fun singing along, while learning about fire safety. Sayings such as, "fall and crawl", "don't hide, go outside", and of course, "stop drop and roll" are highlighted throughout the video. It's a great way to reach children. Not to mention there are hundreds of educational fire safety videos out there. Major insurance companies have begun to produce free videos, such as All–State's "Be Cool about Fire Safety". Fire protection organizations also offer fire safety videos. Not all videos are directed towards children however, there are a variety of videos that appeal to all ages.
Campus Firewatch offers a series of videos directed towards College students in dorms, off campus, or in Greek housing. The videos address many fire threats such as: candles and halogen lamps, as well as many facts about college fire safety. Campus Firewatch has also created magnetic stickers for college students with sayings such as: "smoke alarms– got batteries?" and "sprinklers get turned on when it's hot".
College students are not the only other audience targeted. The elderly are also in need of fire safety
Fire Prevention Essay
Fire prevention is a term being heard more and more today in America. It is starting to become a standard in today's fire departments. Fire has the ability to keep us warm and also has the ability to make us homeless. As we grow as community and the technology changes, Fire Prevention needs to be made more of a necessity in our homes today. More homes are being built out of lighter material along with being built closer and closer together. Each can lead to extreme destruction, homes being lost, people being displaced, and even death. Why should we not protect homes and defend them against an enemy that can attack at any minute? Fire prevention needs to start in the home and then be carried onward in our lives. There are very...show more content...
Today we have moved beyond young men in street rattling wooden noise makers, technology has given us a new kind of fire alarm. There are 2 main kinds of fire alarms: ionization and photoelectric. Ionization alarms sound more quickly when a flaming, fast moving fire occurs, photoelectric alarms are quicker at sensing smoldering, smoky fires. There are also combination smoke alarms that combine ionization and photoelectric into one unit, called dual sensor smoke alarms. Most of the fire alarms are powered by batteries which in order for the alarm to work, need to changed regularly. They provide early detection, and thus warning, of the fire. But they take no action on the fire itself.
Wet stuff on the Red stuff Something that was introduced in commercial buildings and places of large quantities of people, have made their way into our homes. Fire sprinklers are being installed into residential buildings as a normal item. In a report by The Home Fire Sprinkler Coalition, sprinklers typically reduce chances of dying in a fire and the average property loss by one–half to two–thirds compared to where sprinklers are not present. The same website notes that if both fire alarms and fire sprinkler are installed in a
Fire Sprinkler Case Study
You asked the following question: "We have been hired to add two pendent fire sprinklers (per a local ordinance) on to a newly enclosed porch in a condominium building. The building is six stories tall and the apartment is on the sixth floor. The building does not have a fire sprinkler system. We want to use the domestic water but the design parameters are unknown. Q1) How do we account for domestic water usage? Q2) Does NFPA 13 give guidance on this?" In response to your question we have reviewed NFPA 13, 2010 edition that you indicated as the applicable standard. Our informal interpretation is that the AHJ has to be consulted when limited area systems are installed.
Limited area sprinkler protection is allowed by NFPA 13 in Section 4.2 that states, "When partial sprinkler systems are installed, the requirements of this standard shall be used insofar as they are applicable." The limited area systems are usually installed to lower the hourly rating of an enclosure specified by the building code. This application is odd to require sprinklers for an enclosed porch in a building that is not protected with sprinklers throughout. Since these systems are code driven, section 4.2.2 states, "The authority having jurisdiction shall...show more content...
The NFPA 13 standard does not provide any guidance for determining domestic demands included for limited area systems. The NFPA 13R standard does have domestic demand information in Section 9.5 and A.9.5. The annex has tables for determining fixture load values and total estimated domestic demand. An additional resource would be the International Plumbing Code or the applicable plumbing code for that
Fire Detection Sprinkler
Design Solution
Design Approach: Fire management and prevention was very important when designing this facility and there are a number of measures put in place. Through examination, it was decided to use flame detectors located at strategic points throughout the main barn and in the stalled part of the barn. As mentioned previously, these detectors are more reliable as they sense the development of a fire through electro–magnetic radiation instead of sensing smoke. Since this facility is going to be built in a location where water can freeze and is not going to be heated, it is more applicable to utilize an electronically operated sprinkler system which, as stated earlier, relies on a fire detection device to activate. The flame detection...show more content...
The different detectors that could be used to determine if a fire has started all have their drawbacks. Some of these devices could be prematurely activated if there is dust and humidity which is common in agricultural facilities. This would render the purpose of the detectors completely ineffective. Since the sprinkler system is to be associated with the detection system, if the detectors are set off accidentally, the sprinklers will also activate prematurely. Electro–magnetic locks on stall doors are the best option as they do not need people to come and open the doors. This will enable the horses to leave the facility under their own power in the event of a
Sprinkler Systems Abandoned
abandoned. Is there any guidelines as to if the existing system must be removed?" In response to your question, we have reviewed NFPA 13, 2010 edition that you indicated as the applicable standard and NFPA 101, 2010 edition that you indicated as the applicable code. Our informal interpretation is that automatic fire sprinkler systems be maintained or if abandoned, be removed. This is addressed in 26.2 Inactive Sprinkler Systems Abandoned in Place. This section indicates that where all or part of an inactive sprinkler system is abandoned in place, components including sprinklers, hose valves and hoses, and alarm devices shall be removed. The control valves abandoned in place shall have the operating mechanisms removed. In addition, the
Automatic Fire Sprinkler System Essay
The automatic fire sprinkler system was one of the earliest sprinkler systems placed into effect. The origin of the modern day automatic sprinkler system dates back to the early 1800's. The first automatic sprinkler system was created in England in the 1806 by John Carey. It consisted of a pipe with valves held closed by counterweights attached by string. When flames burned through the string the counterweight dropped to the floor, which opened the valve that released the water and extinguished the fire. As the 1800's progressed, the basic pipe system for sprinklers was becoming more prevalent across England. It began to pop up in textile mills all through out the country. In 1864, as sprinkler system use grew, Major Stewart Harrison of...show more content...
It operates basically the same as in the late 1800's, just a bit more efficiently. A fusible link in a sprinkler head that is set to break at a predetermined temperature breaks when that temperature is reached. Water then pours out of that hole that is created hitting the sprinkler head and raining down in an umbrella pattern over the source of the hear, usually fire. Not only does this cool what ever material is heated, but it can pre–cool any materials that are not yet heated or involved in the fire. This helps prevent the spread of that fire through the structure saving the structure and protecting its contents from further fire and water damage.
Although the automatic sprinkler system is the most widely used type of fire protection system, it does have its limitations and uses inside certain building types. As previously stated, it is generally used in commercial buildings. This is because there are usually no special hazardous materials in these buildings, or any large quantity of materials that would react negatively with the application of water. It is installed in buildings such as hospitals, schools, and office buildings for life safety first, then building preservation. Since a proper functioning sprinkler system will reduce the fire size and prevent its spread, it will allow for more time of evacuation for these buildings. This is especially useful in hospitals and nursing home settings where there may be a large number of
Automatic Fire Sprinkler System Essay
The automatic fire sprinkler system was one of the earliest sprinkler systems placed into effect. The origin of the modern day automatic sprinkler system dates back to the early 1800's. The first automatic sprinkler system was created in England in the 1806 by John Carey. It consisted of a pipe with valves held closed by counterweights attached by string. When flames burned through the string the counterweight dropped to the floor, which opened the valve that released the water and extinguished the fire. As the 1800's progressed, the basic pipe system for sprinklers was becoming more prevalent across England. It began to pop up in textile mills all through out the country. In 1864, as sprinkler system use grew, Major Stewart Harrison of...show more content...
Not only does this cool what ever material is heated, but it can pre–cool any materials that are not yet heated or involved in the fire. This helps prevent the spread of that fire through the structure saving the structure and protecting its contents from further fire and water damage.
Although the automatic sprinkler system is the most widely used type of fire protection system, it does have its limitations and uses inside certain building types. As previously stated, it is generally used in commercial buildings. This is because there are usually no special hazardous materials in these buildings, or any large quantity of materials that would react negatively with the application of water. It is installed in buildings such as hospitals, schools, and office buildings for life safety first, then building preservation. Since a proper functioning sprinkler system will reduce the fire size and prevent its spread, it will allow for more time of evacuation for these buildings. This is especially useful in hospitals and nursing home settings where there may be a large number of immobile people that require time to move to a more safe location. The automatic sprinkler system is also used in buildings such as warehouses. It is used here due to the large amount of combustible material that goes along with mass storage.
Off Grid Fire Protection System
Living off the grid means you may not be close to fire protection when there is a fire that is threatening your home or property. A great way to be prepared to put out a fire is to have a protection system set up and ready to go. Making your own off grid fire protection system can be done in many ways.
The best way to set up your own off grid fire protection system is to set up tanks that will be filled with water. A water pump that is motor driven and some hoses are all that are needed for this project. Fuel is also necessary to run the pump.
One thing to keep in mind about an off grid fire protection system is the water pressure. The pump that is used will dictate the amount of pressure you have available. A high pressure pump is the
Fire Protection needs Protection of the Law Essay
Fire Protection needs Protection of the Law
In 1864 Major Stewart Harrison, an English Engineer, gave to the world the first Automatic Sprinkler Head, his design was also in fact superior to many that followed it. But, as so often happens, it was not Mr. Harrison who gave the automatic sprinkler a practical development, and it is Henry Parmelee, of Newhaven, Conn., and Frederick Grinnell, of Providence, R.I., that the credit must be awarded for giving to the Automatic Sprinkler its practical application and laying the foundation of what is now a worldwide industry (Wormald Web). Until now, sprinklers are been...show more content...
During the demonstration, Mr. Parmelee installed the system in a Wholesale Market made of wooden shed (20ft x 30ft), which he fitted with six of his Sprinklers. The floor was strewed with a mass of chips, shavings, tallow, cask shavings, barrels, etc, all well saturated with paraffin oil. Then, light was set in three different places. Immediately huge volumes of flames burst forth and drove the spectators back some distance from the shed. In one minute and twenty seconds the first Sprinkler opened, followed by two others, and in a short time not a vestige of the fire remained (Wormald). Spectators were amazed and given deep impression by the demonstration. Later, insurance company learned the importance of having automatic sprinkler installed, would reduce the financial loss ratio to fire. So more insurance companies began raising the insurance for large business and commercial buildings, forcing business owners to install automatic fire sprinkler systems to lower the payments. Mr. Parmelee was able to convince the insurance company and getting contract from mill owners; creating the world's first fire sprinkler company. His vision of making the system practical finally became real.
Into the late 20th century and early 21st century, automatic fire sprinkler has became mandatory by law
Fire Sprinkler Research Paper
Every building should get a fire sprinkler inspection at least once in a while. If you own a business, it is crucial that you invest in this kind of service. Learn the reasons that this option will benefit your company. One of the most obvious reasons to pay for fire sprinkler inspection is to keep your business safe. You can get some peace of mind knowing that if the building is ever burning, you will have a way to help put out the flames. This is essential because sometimes firefighters cannot arrive in time to save the structure. If you want to avoid having to pay the deductible toward a brand new building, it is best to get the sprinklers inspected. Of course, you also face the possibility of losing all business equipment, and having
Fire System: Deluge Sprinkler Fire
Maribel Hernandez
Mc Call
Fire
Sept. 1,2016
Deluge Fire System A deluge sprinkler fire system is designed for rapid fire extinguishment in places of high hazard such as chemical storage and processing facilities, power plants, aircraft hangars, etc. All these places have one thing in common, they all posses the power to spread fire very rapidly. This makes the deluge fire system perfect for these facilities of high hazard. With this fire systems ability to smother any fire rapidly and effectively, it gives a result of increased property and employee safety.
According to the encyclopedia of chemical engineering equipment, the deluge system consists of three types. The first type mention is the fine water spray deluge system. This system consists of extremely find mist drops from...show more content...
The foam consist of a mixture of water, forming agent, and air . As water flows, the foaming agent is mixed and the extinguishing agent is created. With every deluge systems specific purpose and design, it will require foam to have different foam densities. Foam extinguishment consists of cooling the fire and displacing of oxygen. It also suppresses vapors that can be flammable when mixed with air. You will find foam being generally used on class A and B fires. Special designed nozzles need to be in place for foam usage. One type commonly used are foam guns. Foam guns aim to cool fire from a distance. There is also a nozzle that can alternate between foam and water called foam/water jet pipe. You will find these foam nozzle systems in oil refineries, laboratories, and any places with hazardous materials. The use of foam can be of great service due to its ability to flow over practically any surface, can be manipulated to extinguish many different types of hazardous fires. The only downside will be the cost and clean up time required, which tends to be more than other extinguishing